Book of Jubilees 44

JUBILEES 44

Yisrael goes down into Egypt

1 And Yisrael took his journey from Haran from his house on the new month of the third month, and he went on the way of the Well of the Oath, and he offered a sacrifice to YAHWEH the ALMIGHTY of his father Yitschaq on the seventh of this month.
2 And Yacob remembered the dream that he had seen at Bethel, and he feared to go down into Egypt.
3 And while he was thinking of sending word to Yoseph to come to him, and that he would not go down, he remained there seven days, if perchance he could see a vision as to whether he should remain or go down.
4 And he celebrated the harvest festival of the first-fruits with old grain, for in all the land of Canaan there was not a handful of seed [in the land], for the famine was over all the beasts and cattle and birds, and also over man.
5 And on the sixteenth YAHWEH appeared to him, and said to him, 'Yacob, Yacob'; and he said, 'Here am I.'
6 And He said to him: 'I am YAHWEH the ALMIGHTY of your fathers, the ALMIGHTY of Abraham and Yitschaq; fear not to go down into Egypt, for I will there make of you a great nation I will go down with you, and I will bring you up (again), and in this land shall you be buried, and Yoseph shall put his hands upon your eyes. Fear not; go down into Egypt.'
7 And his sons rose up, and his sons' sons, and they placed their father and their possessions upon wagons.
8 And Yisrael rose up from the Well of the Oath on the sixteenth of this third month, and he went to the land of Egypt.
9 And Yisrael sent Yahudah before him to his son Yoseph to examine the Land of Goshen, for Yoseph had told his brothers that they should come and dwell there that they might be near him.
10 And this was the goodliest (land) in the land of Egypt, and near to him, for all (of them) and also for the cattle.
11 And these are the names of the sons of Yacob who went into Egypt with Yacob their father Reuben, the First-born of Yisrael;
12 And these are the names of his sons Enoch, and Pallu, and Hezron and Carmi-five.
13 Simeon and his sons; and these are the names of his sons: Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Shaul, the son of the Zephasite woman-seven.
14 Levi and his sons; and these are the names of his sons: Gershon, and Kohas, and Merari-four. Yahudah and his sons; and these are the names of his sons: Shela, and Perez, and Zerah-four.
15 Issachar and his sons; and these are the names of his sons: Tola, and Phua, and Jasub, and Shimron-five.
17 Zebulon and his sons; and these are the names of his sons: Sered, and Elon, and Jahleel-four.
18 And these are the sons of Yacob and their sons whom Leah bore to Yacob
in Mesopotamia, six, and their one sister, Dinah and all the souls of the sons of Leah, and their sons, who went with Yacob their father into Egypt, were twenty- nine, and Yacob their father being with them, they were thirty.
19 And the sons of Zilpah, Leah's handmaid, the wife of Yacob, who bore unto Yacob Gad and Ashur.
20 And there are the names of their sons who went with him into Egypt. The sons of Gad: Ziphion, and Haggi, and Shuni, and Ezbon, (and Eri, and Areli, and Arodi-eight.
21 And the sons of Asher: Imnah, and Ishvah, (and Ishvi), and Beriah, and Serah, their one sister-six.
22 All the souls were fourteen, and all those of Leah were forty-four.
23 And the sons of Rachel, the wife of Yacob: Yoseph and Benjamin.
24 And there were born to Yoseph in Egypt before his father came into Egypt, those whom Asenath, daughter of Potiphar priest of Heliopolis bare unto him, Manasseh, and Ephraim-three.
25 And the sons of Benjamin: Bela and Becher and Ashbel, Gera, and Naaman, and Ehi, and Rosh, and Muppim, and Huppim, and Ard-eleven. 26 And all the souls of Rachel were fourteen.
27 And the sons of Bilhah, the handmaid of Rachel, the wife of Yacob, whom she bare to Yacob, were Dan and Naphtali.
28 And these are the names of their sons who went with them into Egypt. And the sons of Dan were Hushim, and Samon, and Asudi, and 'Ijaka, and Salomon- six.
29 And they died the year in which they entered into Egypt, and there was left to Dan Hushim alone.
30 And these are the names of the sons of Naphtali Jahziel, and Guni and Jezer, and Shallum, and 'Iv.
31 And 'Iv, who was born after the years of famine, died in Egypt.
32 And all the souls of Rachel were twenty-six.
33 And all the souls of Yacob which went into Egypt were seventy souls. These are his children and his children's children, in all seventy, but five died in Egypt before Yoseph, and had no children.
34 And in the land of Canaan two sons of Yahudah died, Er and Onan, and they had no children, and the children of Yisrael buried those who perished, and they were reckoned among the seventy Gentile nations.

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Jasher, Chapter 62

Year 2317
1 In that year, being the seventy-ninth year of the Yisraelites going down to Egypt, died Reuben the son of Yacob, in the land of Egypt; Reuben was a hundred and twenty-five years old when he died, and they put him into a coffin, and he was given into the hands of his children.
Year 2318
2 And in the eightieth year died his brother Dan; he was a hundred and twenty years at his death, and he was also put into a coffin and given into the hands of his children.
Year 2319
3 And in that year died Chusham king of Edom, and after him reigned Hadad the son of Bedad, for thirty- five years; and in the eighty-first year died Issachar the son of Yacob, in Egypt, and Issachar was a hundred and twenty-two years old at his death, and he was put into a coffin in Egypt, and given into the hands of his children.
Year 2320
4 And in the eighty-second year died Asher his brother, he was a hundred and twenty-three years old at his death, and he was placed in a coffin in Egypt, and given into the hands of his children.
Year 2321
5 And in the eighty-third year died Gad, he was a hundred and twenty-five years old at his death, and he was put into a coffin in Egypt, and given into the hands of his children.
Year 2322
6 And it came to pass in the eighty-fourth year, that is the fiftieth year of the reign of Hadad, son of Bedad, king of Edom, that Hadad assembled all the children of Esau, and he got his whole army in readiness, about four hundred thousand men, and he directed his way to the land of Moab, and he went to fight with Moab and to make them tributary to him.
7 And the children of Moab heard this thing, and they were very much afraid, and they sent to the children of Midian to assist them in fighting with Hadad, son of Bedad, king of Edom.
8 And Hadad came unto the land of Moab, and Moab and the children of Midian went out to meet him, and they placed themselves in battle array against him in the field of Moab.
9 And Hadad fought with Moab, and there fell of the children of Moab and the children of Midian many slain ones, about two hundred thousand men.
10 And the battle was very severe upon Moab, and when the children of Moab saw that the battle was sore upon them, they weakened their hands and turned their backs, and left the children of Midian to carry on the battle.
11 And the children of Midian knew not the intentions of Moab, but they strengthened themselves in battle and fought with Hadad and all his host, and all Midian fell before him.
12 And Hadad smote all Midian with a heavy smiting, and he slew them with the edge of the sword, he left none remaining of those who came to assist Moab.
13 And when all the children of Midian had perished in battle, and the children at Moab had escaped, Hadad made all Moab at that time tributary to him, and they became under his hand, and they gave a yearly tax as it was ordered, and Hadad turned and went back to his land.
14 And at the revolution of the year, when the rest of the people of Midian that were in the land heard that all their brethren had fallen in battle with Hadad for the sake of Moab, because the children of Moab had turned their backs in battle and left Midian to fight, then five of the princes of Midian resolved with the rest of their brethren who remained in their land, to fight with Moab to avenge the cause of their brethren.
15 And the children of Midian sent to all their brethren the children of the east, and all their brethren, all the children of Keturah came to assist Midian to fight with Moab.
16 And the children of Moab heard this thing, and they were greatly afraid that all the children of the east had assembled together against them for battle, and they the children of Moab sent a memorial to the land of Edom to Hadad the son of Bedad, saying,
17 Come now unto us and assist us and we will smite Midian, for they all assembled together and have come against us with all their brethren the children of the east to battle, to avenge the cause of Midian that fell in battle.
18 And Hadad, son of Bedad, king of Edom, went forth with his whole army and went to the land of Moab to fight with Midian, and Midian and the children of the east fought with Moab in the field of Moab, and the battle was very fierce between them.
19 And Hadad smote all the children of Midian and the children of the east with the edge of the sword, and Hadad at that time delivered Moab from the hand of Midian, and those that remained of Midian and of the children of the east fled before Hadad and his army, and Hadad pursued them to their land, and smote them with a very heavy slaughter, and the slain fell in the road.
20 And Hadad delivered Moab from the hand of Midian, for all the children of Midian had fallen by the edge of the sword, and Hadad turned and went back to his land.
21 And from that day forth, the children of Midian hated the children of Moab, because they had fallen in battle for their sake, and there was a great and mighty enmity between them all the days.
22 And all that were found of Midian in the road of the land of Moab perished by the sword of Moab, and all that were found of Moab in the road of the land of Midian, perished by the sword of Midian; thus did Midian unto Moab and Moab unto Midian for many days.
Year 2324
23 And it came to pass at that time that Yahudah the son of Yacob died in Egypt, in the eighty-sixth year of Yacob's going down to Egypt, and Yahudah was a hundred and twenty-nine years old at his death, and they embalmed him and put him into a coffin, and he was given into the hands of his children.
Year 2327
24 And in the eighty-ninth year died Naphtali, he was a hundred and thirty-two years old, and he was put into a coffin and given into the hands of his children.
Year 2328
25 And it came to pass in the ninety-first year of the Yisraelites going down to Egypt, that is in the thirtieth year of the reign of Zepho the son of Eliphaz, the son of Esau, over the children of Chittim, the children of Africa came upon the children of Chittim to plunder them as usual, but they had not come upon them for these thirteen years.
26 And they came to them in that year, and Zepho the son of Eliphaz went out to them with some of his men and smote them desperately, and the troops of Africa fled from before Zepho and the slain fell before him, and Zepho and his men pursued them, going on and smiting them until they were near unto Africa.
27 And Angeas king of Africa heard the thing which Zepho had done, and it vexed him exceedingly, and Angeas was afraid of Zepho all the days.

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Jasher, Chapter 59

1 And these are the names of the sons of Yisrael who dwelt in Egypt, who had come with Yacob, all the sons of Yacob came unto Egypt, every man with his household.
2 The children of Leah were Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Yahudah, Issachar and Zebulun, and their sister Dinah.
3 And the sons of Rachel were Yoseph and Benjamin.
4 And the sons of Zilpah, the handmaid of Leah, were Gad and Asher.
5 And the sons of Bilhah, the handmaid of Rachel, were Dan and Naphtali.
6 And these were their offspring that were born unto them in the land of Canaan, before they came unto Egypt with their father Yacob.
7 The sons of Reuben were Chanoch, Pallu, Chetzron and Carmi.
8 And the sons of Simeon were Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zochar and Saul, the son of the Canaanitish woman.
9 And the children of Levi were Gershon, Kehath and Merari, and their sister Jochebed, who was born unto them in their going down to Egypt.
10 And the sons of Yahudah were Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez and Zarach.
11 And Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan; and the sons of Perez were Chezron and Chamul.
12 And the sons of Issachar were Tola, Puvah, Job and Shomron.
13 And the sons of Zebulun were Sered, Elon and Jachleel, and the son of Dan was Chushim.
14 And the sons of Naphtali were Jachzeel, Guni, Jetzer and Shilam.
15 And the sons of Gad were Ziphion, Chaggi, Shuni, Ezbon, Eri, Arodi and Areli.
16 And the children of Asher were Jimnah, Jishvah, Jishvi, Beriah and their sister Serach; and the sons of Beriah were Cheber and Malchiel.
17 And the sons of Benjamin were Bela, Becher, Ashbel, Gera, Naaman, Achi, Rosh, Mupim, Chupim and Ord.
18 And the sons of Yoseph, that were born unto him in Egypt, were Manasseh and Ephraim.
19 And all the souls that went forth from the loins of Yacob, were seventy souls; these are they who came with Yacob their father unto Egypt to dwell there: and Yoseph and all his brethren dwelt securely in Egypt, and they ate of the best of Egypt all the days of the life of Yoseph.
20 And Yoseph lived in the land of Egypt ninety-three years, and Yoseph reigned over all Egypt eighty years.
21 And when the days of Yoseph drew nigh that he should die, he sent and called for his brethren and all his father's household, and they all came together and sat before him.
22 And Yoseph said unto his brethren and unto the whole of his father's household, Behold I die, and YAHWEH will surely visit you and bring you up from this land to the land which he swore to your fathers to give unto them.
23 And it shall be when YAHWEH shall visit you to bring you up from here to the land of your fathers, then bring up my bones with you from here.
24 And Yoseph made the sons of Yisrael to swear for their seed after them, saying, YAHWEH will surely visit you and you shall bring up my bones with you from here.
Year 2309
25 And it came to pass after this that Yoseph died in that year, the seventy-first year of the Yisraelites going down to Egypt.
26 And Yoseph was one hundred and ten years old when he died in the land of Egypt, and all his brethren and all his servants rose up and they embalmed Yoseph, as was their custom, and his brethren and all Egypt mourned over him for seventy days.
27 And they put Yoseph in a coffin filled with spices and all sorts of perfume, and they buried him by the side of the river, that is Sihor, and his sons and all his brethren, and the whole of his father's household made a seven day's mourning for him.
28 And it came to pass after the death of Yoseph, all the Egyptians began in those days to rule over the children of Yisrael, and Pharaoh, king of Egypt, who reigned in his father's stead, took all the laws of Egypt and conducted the whole government of Egypt under his counsel, and he reigned securely over his people.

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Jasher, Chapter 56

Year 2255
1 And Yacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years, and the days of Yacob, and the years of his life were a hundred and forty seven years.
2 At that time Yacob was attacked with that illness of which he died and he sent and called for his son Yoseph from Egypt, and Yoseph his son came from Egypt and Yoseph came unto his father.
3 And Yacob said unto Yoseph and unto his sons, Behold I die, and YAHWEH the ALMIGHTY of your ancestors will visit you, and bring you back to the land, which YAHWEH sware to give unto you and unto your children after you, now therefore when I am dead, bury me in the cave which is in Machpelah in Hebron in the land of Canaan, near my ancestors.
4 And Yacob made his sons swear to bury him in Machpelah, in Hebron, and his sons swore unto him concerning this thing.
5 And he commanded them, saying, Serve YAHWEH your ALMIGHTY, for he who delivered your fathers will also deliver you from all trouble.
6 And Yacob said, Call all your children unto me, and all the children of Yacob's sons came and sat before him, and Yacob blessed them, and he said unto them, YAHWEH the ALMIGHTY of your fathers shall grant you a thousand times as much and bless you, and may he give you the blessing of your father Abraham; and all the children of Yacob's sons went forth on that day after he had blessed them.
7 And on the next day Yacob again called for his sons, and they all assembled and came to him and sat before him, and Yacob on that day blessed his sons before his death, each man did he bless according to his blessing; behold it is written in the book of the law of YAHWEH appertaining to Yisrael.
8 And Yacob said unto Yahudah, I know my son that you are a mighty man for your brethren; reign over them, and your sons shall reign over their sons forever.
9 Only teach your sons the bow and all the weapons of war, in order that they may fight the battles of their brother who will rule over his enemies.
10 And Yacob again commanded his sons on that day, saying, Behold I shall be this day gathered unto my people; carry me up from Egypt, and bury me in the cave of Machpelah as I have commanded you.
11 Howbeit take heed I pray you that none of your sons carry me, only yourselves, and this is the manner you shall do unto me, when you carry my body to go with it to the land of Canaan to bury me,
12 Yahudah, Issachar and Zebulun shall carry my bier at the eastern side; Reuben, Simeon and Gad at the south, Ephraim, Manasseh and Benjamin at the west, Dan, Asher and Naphtali at the north.
13 Let not Levi carry with you, for he and his sons will carry the ark of the covenant of YAHWEH with the Yisraelites in the camp, neither let Yoseph my son carry, for as a king so let his splendor be; howbeit, Ephraim and Manasseh shall be in their stead.
14 Thus shall you do unto me when you carry me away; do not neglect any thing of all that I command you; and it shall come to pass when you do this unto me, that YAHWEH will remember you favorably and your children after you forever.
15 And you my sons, honor each his brother and his relative, and command your children and your children's children after you to serve YAHWEH the ALMIGHTY of your ancestors all the days.
16 In order that you may prolong your days in the land, you and your children and your children's children for ever, when you do what is good and upright in the sight of YAHWEH your ALMIGHTY, to go in all his ways.
17 And you, Yoseph my son, forgive I pray you the prongs of your brethren and all their misdeeds in the injury that they heaped upon you, for YAHWEH intended it for your and your children's benefit.
18 And O my son leave not your brethren to the inhabitants of Egypt, neither hurt their feelings, for behold I consign them to the hand of YAHWEH and in your hand to guard them from the Egyptians; and the sons of Yacob answered their father saying, O, our father, all that you hast commanded us, so will we do; may YAHWEH only be with us.
19 And Yacob said unto his sons, So may YAHWEH be with you when you keep all his ways; turn not from his ways either to the right or the left in performing what is good and upright in his sight.
20 For I know that many and grievous troubles will befall you in the latter days in the land, yea your children and children's children, only serve YAHWEH and he will save you from all trouble.
21 And it shall come to pass when you shall go after YAHWEH to serve him and will teach your children after you, and your children's children, to know YAHWEH, then will YAHWEH raise up unto you and your children a servant from amongst your children, and YAHWEH will deliver you through his hand from all affliction, and bring you out of Egypt and bring you back to the land of your fathers to inherit it securely.
22 And Yacob ceased commanding his sons, and he drew his feet into the bed, he died and was gathered to his people.
23 And Yoseph fell upon his father and he cried out and wept over him and he kissed him, and he called out in a bitter voice, and he said, O my father, my father.
24 And his son's wives and all his household came and fell upon Yacob, and they wept over him, and cried in a very loud voice concerning Yacob.
25 And all the sons of Yacob rose up together, and they tore their garments, and they all put sackcloth upon their loins, and they fell upon their faces, and they cast dust upon their heads toward the heavens.
26 And the thing was told unto Osnath Yoseph's wife, and she rose up and put on a sack and she with all the Egyptian women with her came and mourned and wept for Yacob. 27 And also all the people of Egypt who knew Yacob came all on that day when they heard this thing, and all Egypt wept for many days.
28 And also from the land of Canaan did the women come unto Egypt when they heard that Yacob was dead, and they wept for him in Egypt for seventy days.
29 And it came to pass after this that Yoseph commanded his servants the doctors to embalm his father with myrrh and frankincense and all manner of incense and perfume, and the doctors embalmed Yacob as Yoseph had commanded them.
30 And all the people of Egypt and the elders and all the inhabitants of the land of Goshen wept and mourned over Yacob, and all his sons and the children of his household lamented and mourned over their father Yacob many days.
31 And after the days of his weeping had passed away, at the end of seventy days, Yoseph said unto Pharaoh, I will go up and bury my father in the land of Canaan as he made me swear, and then I will return.
32 And Pharaoh sent Yoseph, saying, Go up and bury your father as he said, and as he made you swear; and Yoseph rose up with all his brethren to go to the land of Canaan to bury their father Yacob as he had commanded them.
33 And Pharaoh commanded that it should be proclaimed throughout Egypt, saying, Whoever goes not up with Yoseph and his brethren to the land of Canaan to bury Yacob, shall die.
34 And all Egypt heard of Pharaoh's proclamation, and they all rose up together, and all the servants of Pharaoh, and the elders of his house, and all the elders of the land of Egypt went up with Yoseph, and all the officers and nobles of Pharaoh went up as the servants of Yoseph, and they went to bury Yacob in the land of Canaan.
35 And the sons of Yacob carried the bier upon which he lay; according to all that their father commanded them, so did his sons unto him.
36 And the bier was of pure gold, and it was inlaid round about with onyx stones and bdellium; and the covering of the bier was gold woven work, joined with threads, and over them were hooks of onyx stones and bdellium.
37 And Yoseph placed upon the head of his father Yacob a large golden crown, and he put a golden scepter in his hand, and they surrounded the bier as was the custom of kings during their lives.
38 And all the troops of Egypt went before him in this array, at first all the mighty men of Pharaoh, and the mighty men of Yoseph, and after them the rest of the inhabitants of Egypt, and they were all girded with swords and equipped with coats of mail, and the trappings of war were upon them.
39 And all the weepers and mourners went at a distance opposite to the bier, going and weeping and lamenting, and the rest of the people went after the bier.
40 And Yoseph and his household went together near the bier barefooted and weeping, and the rest of Yoseph's servants went around him; each man had his ornaments upon him, and they were all armed with their weapons of war.
41 And fifty of Yacob's servants went in front of the bier, and they strewed along the road myrrh and aloes, and all manner of perfume, and all the sons of Yacob that carried the bier walked upon the perfumery, and the servants of Yacob went before them strewing the perfume along the road.
42 And Yoseph went up with a heavy camp, and they did after this manner every day until they reached the land of Canaan, and they came to the threshing floor of Atad, which was on the other side of Yardan, and they mourned an exceeding great and heavy mourning in that place.
43 And all the kings of Canaan heard of this thing and they all went forth, each man from his house, thirty- one kings of Canaan, and they all came with their men to mourn and weep over Yacob.
44 And all these kings beheld Yacob's bier, and behold Yoseph's crown was upon it, and they also put their crowns upon the bier, and encircled it with crowns.
45 And all these kings made in that place a great and heavy mourning with the sons of Yacob and Egypt over Yacob, for all the kings of Canaan knew the valor of Yacob and his sons.
46 And the report reached Esau, saying, Yacob died in Egypt, and his sons and all Egypt are conveying him to the land of Canaan to bury him.
47 And Esau heard this thing, and he was dwelling in mount Seir, and he rose up with his sons and all his people and all his household, a people exceedingly great, and they came to mourn and weep over Yacob.
48 And it came to pass, when Esau came he mourned for his brother Yacob, and all Egypt and all Canaan again rose up and mourned a great mourning with Esau over Yacob in that place
49 And Yoseph and his brethren brought their father Yacob from that place, and they went to Hebron to bury Yacob in the cave by his fathers.
50 And they came unto Kireath-arba, to the cave, and as they came Esau stood with his sons against Yoseph and his brethren as a hindrance in the cave, saying, Yacob shall not be buried therein, for it belongs to us and to our father.
51 And Yoseph and his brethren heard the words of Esau's sons, and they were exceedingly wroth, and Yoseph approached unto Esau, saying, What is this thing which they have spoken? surely my father Yacob bought it from you for great riches after the death of Yitschaq, now five and twenty years ago, and also all the land of Canaan he bought from you and from your sons, and your seed after you.
52 And Yacob bought it for his sons and his seed after him for an inheritance for ever, and why speak you these things this day?
53 And Esau answered, saying, You speak falsely and utter lies, for I sold not anything belonging to me in all this land, as you sayest, neither did my brother Yacob buy aught belonging to me in this land.
54 And Esau spoke these things in order to deceive Yoseph with his words, for Esau knew that Yoseph was not present in those days when Esau sold all belonging to him in the land of Canaan to Yacob.
55 And Yoseph said unto Esau, Surely my father inserted these things with you in the record of purchase, and testified the record with witnesses, and behold it is with us in Egypt.
56 And Esau answered, saying unto him, Bring the record, all that you wilt find in the record, so will we do.
57 And Yoseph called unto Naphtali his brother, and he said, Hasten quickly, stay not, and run I pray you to Egypt and bring all the records; the record of the purchase, the sealed record and the open record, and also all the first records in which all the transactions of the birth-right are written, fetch you.
58 And you shall bring them unto us hither, that we may know from them all the words of Esau and his sons which they spoke this day.
59 And Naphtali hearkened to the voice of Yoseph and he hastened and ran to go down to Egypt, and Naphtali was lighter on foot than any of the stags that were upon the wilderness, for he would go upon ears of corn without crushing them.
60 And when Esau saw that Naphtali had gone to fetch the records, he and his sons increased their resistance against the cave, and Esau and all his people rose up against Yoseph and his brethren to battle.
61 And all the sons of Yacob and the people of Egypt fought with Esau and his men, and the sons of Esau and his people were smitten before the sons of Yacob, and the sons of Yacob slew of Esau's people forty men.
62 And Chushim the son of Dan, the son of Yacob, was at that time with Yacob's sons, but he was about a hundred cubits distant from the place of battle, for he remained with the children of Yacob's sons by Yacob's bier to guard it.
63 And Chushim was dumb and deaf, still he understood the voice of consternation amongst men.
64 And he asked, saying, Why do you not bury the dead, and what is this great consternation? and they answered him the words of Esau and his sons; and he ran to Esau in the midst of the battle, and he slew Esau with a sword, and he cut off his head, and it sprang to a distance, and Esau fell amongst the people of the battle.
65 And when Chushim did this thing the sons of Yacob prevailed over the sons of Esau, and the sons of Yacob buried their father Yacob by force in the cave, and the sons of Esau beheld it.
66 And Yacob was buried in Hebron, in the cave of Machpelah which Abraham had bought from the sons of Heth for the possession of a burial place, and he was buried in very costly garments.
67 And no king had such honor paid him as Yoseph paid unto his father at his death, for he buried him with great honor like unto the burial of kings.
68 And Yoseph and his brethren made a mourning of seven days for their father.

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Jasher, Chapter 54

1 And when Yahudah saw the dealings of Yoseph with them, Yahudah approached him and broke open the door, and came with his brethren before Yoseph.
2 And Yahudah said unto Yoseph, Let it not seem grievous in the sight of my lord, may your servant I pray you speak a word before you? and Yoseph said unto him, Speak.
3 And Yahudah spoke before Yoseph, and his brethren were there standing before them; and Yahudah said unto Yoseph, Surely when we first came to our lord to buy food, you didst consider us as spies of the land, and we brought Benjamin before you, and you still make sport of us this day.
4 Now therefore let the king hear my words, and send I pray you our brother that he may go along with us to our father, lest your soul perish this day with all the souls of the inhabitants of Egypt.
5 Dost you not know what two of my brethren, Simeon and Levi, did unto the city of Shechem, and unto seven cities of the Amorites, on account of our sister Dinah, and also what they would do for the sake of their brother Benjamin?
6 And I with my strength, who am greater and mightier than both of them, come this day upon you and your land if you are unwilling to send our brother.
7 Hast you not heard what YAHWEH our ALMIGHTY who made choice of us did unto Pharaoh on account of Sarah our mother, whom he took away from our father, that he smote him and his household with heavy plagues, that even unto this day the Egyptians relate this wonder to each other? so will our YAHWEH do unto you on account of Benjamin whom you hast this day taken from his father, and on account of the evils which you this day heap over us in your land; for our YAHWEH will remember his covenant with our father Abraham and bring evil upon you, because you hast grieved the soul of our father this day.
8 Now therefore hear my words that I have this day spoken unto you, and send our brother that he may go away lest you and the people of your land die by the sword, for you cannot all prevail over me.
9 And Yoseph answered Yahudah, saying, Why hast you opened wide your mouth and why dost you boast over us, saying, Strength is with you? as Pharaoh liveth, if I command all my valiant men to fight with you, surely you and these your brethren would sink in the mire.
10 And Yahudah said unto Yoseph, Surely it becomes you and your people to fear me; as YAHWEH lives if I once draw my sword I shall not sheathe it again until I shall this day have slain all Egypt, and I will commence with you and finish with Pharaoh your master.
11 And Yoseph answered and said unto him, Surely strength belongs not alone to you; I am stronger and mightier than you, surely if you draw your sword I will put it to your neck and the necks of all your brethren.
12 And Yahudah said unto him, Surely if I this day open my mouth against you I would swallow you up that you be destroyed from off the earth and perish this day from your kingdom. And Yoseph said, Surely if you open your mouth I have power and might to close your mouth with a stone until you shall not be able to utter a word; see how many stones are before us, truly I can take a stone, and force it into your mouth and break your jaws.
13 And Yahudah said, YAHWEH is witness between us, that we have not hitherto desired to battle with you, only give us our brother and we will go from you; and Yoseph answered and said, As Pharaoh liveth, if all the kings of Canaan came together with you, you should not take him from my hand.
14 Now therefore go your way to your father, and your brother shall be unto me for a slave, for he has robbed the king's house. And Yahudah said, What is it to you or to the character of the king, surely the king sends forth from his house, throughout the land, silver and gold either in gifts or expenses, and you still talk about your cup which you didst place in our brother's bag and saye that he has stolen it from you?
15 YAHWEH forbid that our brother Benjamin or any of the seed of Abraham should do this thing to steal from you, or from any one else, whether king, prince, or any man.
16 Now therefore cease this accusation lest the whole earth hear your words, saying, For a little silver the king of Egypt wrangled with the men, and he accused them and took their brother for a slave.
17 And Yoseph answered and said, Take unto you this cup and go from me and leave your brother for a slave, for it is the judgment of a thief to be a slave.
18 And Yahudah said, Why are you not ashamed of your words, to leave our brother and to take your cup? Surely if you give us your cup, or a thousand times as much, we will not leave our brother for the silver which is found in the hand of any man, that we will not die over him.
19 And Yoseph answered, And why did you forsake your brother and sell him for twenty pieces of silver unto this day, and why then will you not do the same to this your brother?
20 And Yahudah said, YAHWEH is witness between me and you that we desire not your battles; now therefore give us our brother and we will go from you without quarreling.
21 And Yoseph answered and said, If all the kings of the land should assemble they will not be able to take your brother from my hand; and Yahudah said, What shall we say unto our father, when he sees that our brother comes not with us, and will grieve over him?
22 And Yoseph answered and said, This is the thing which you shall tell unto your father, saying, The rope has gone after the bucket.
23 And Yahudah said, Surely you are a king, and why speak you these things, giving a false judgment? woe unto the king who is like unto you.
24 And Yoseph answered and said, There is no false judgment in the word that I spoke on account of your brother Yoseph, for all of you sold him to the Midianites for twenty pieces of silver, and you all denied it to your father and said unto him, An evil beast has devoured him, Yoseph has been torn to pieces.
25 And Yahudah said, Behold the fire of Shem burns in my heart, now I will burn all your land with fire; and Yoseph answered and said, Surely your sister-in-law Tamar, who killed your sons, extinguished the fire of Shechem.
26 And Yahudah said, If I pluck out a single hair from my flesh, I will fill all Egypt with its blood.
27 And Yoseph answered and said, Such is your custom to do as you did to your brother whom you sold, and you dipped his coat in blood and brought it to your father in order that he might say an evil beast devoured him and here is his blood.
28 And when Yahudah heard this thing he was exceedingly wroth and his anger burned within him, and there was before him in that place a stone, the weight of which was about four hundred shekels, and Yahudah's anger was kindled and he took the stone in one hand and cast it to the heavens and caught it with his left hand.
29 And he placed it afterward under his legs, and he sat upon it with all his strength and the stone was turned into dust from the force of Yahudah.
30 And Yoseph saw the act of Yahudah and he was very much afraid, but he commanded Manassah his son and he also did with another stone like unto the act of Yahudah, and Yahudah said unto his brethren, Let not any of you say, this man is an Egyptian, but by his doing this thing he is of our father's family.
31 And Yoseph said, Not to you only is strength given, for we are also powerful men, and why will you boast over us all? and Yahudah said unto Yoseph, Send I pray you our brother and ruin not your country this day.
32 And Yoseph answered and said unto them, Go and tell your father, an evil beast hath devoured him as you said concerning your brother Yoseph.
33 And Yahudah spoke to his brother Naphtali, and he said unto him, Make haste, go now and number all the streets of Egypt and come and tell me; and Simeon said unto him, Let not this thing be a trouble to you; now I will go to the mount and take up one large stone from the mount and level it at every one in Egypt, and kill all that are in it.
34 And Yoseph heard all these words that his brethren spoke before him, and they did not know that Yoseph understood them, for they imagined that he knew not to speak Hebrew.
35 And Yoseph was greatly afraid at the words of his brethren lest they should destroy Egypt, and he commanded his son Manasseh, saying, Go now make haste and gather unto me all the inhabitants of Egypt, and all the valiant men together, and let them come to me now upon horseback and on foot and with all sorts of musical instruments, and Manasseh went and did so.
36 And Naphtali went as Yahudah had commanded him, for Naphtali was lightfooted as one of the swift stags, and he would go upon the ears of corn and they would not break under him.
37 And he went and numbered all the streets of Egypt, and found them to be twelve, and he came hastily and told Yahudah, and Yahudah said unto his brethren, Hasten you and put on every man his sword upon his loins and we will come over Egypt, and smite them all, and let not a remnant remain.
38 And Yahudah said, Behold, I will destroy three of the streets with my strength, and you shall each destroy one street; and when Yahudah was speaking this thing, behold the inhabitants of Egypt and all the mighty men came toward them with all sorts of musical instruments and with loud shouting.
39 And their number was five hundred cavalry and ten thousand infantry, and four hundred men who could fight without sword or spear, only with their hands and strength.
40 And all the mighty men came with great storming and shouting, and they all surrounded the sons of Yacob and terrified them, and the ground quaked at the sound of their shouting.
41 And when the sons of Yacob saw these troops they were greatly afraid of their lives, and Yoseph did so in order to terrify the sons of Yacob to become tranquilized.
42 And Yahudah, seeing some of his brethren terrified, said unto them, Why are you afraid while the free unmerited pardon and favor of YAHWEH is with us? and when Yahudah saw all the people of Egypt surrounding them at the command of Yoseph to terrify them, only Yoseph commanded them, saying, Do not touch any of them.
43 Then Yahudah hastened and drew his sword, and uttered a loud and bitter scream, and he smote with his sword, and he sprang upon the ground and he still continued to shout against all the people.
44 And when he did this thing YAHWEH caused the terror of Yahudah and his brethren to fall upon the valiant men and all the people that surrounded them.
45 And they all fled at the sound of the shouting, and they were terrified and fell one upon the other, and many of them died as they fell, and they all fled from before Yahudah and his brethren and from before Yoseph.
46 And while they were fleeing, Yahudah and his brethren pursued them unto the house of Pharaoh, and they all escaped, and Yahudah again sat before Yoseph and roared at him like a lion, and gave a great and tremendous shriek at him.
47 And the shriek was heard at a distance, and all the inhabitants of Succoth heard it, and all Egypt quaked at the sound of the shriek, and also the walls of Egypt and of the land of Goshen fell in from the shaking of the earth, and Pharaoh also fell from his throne upon the ground, and also all the pregnant women of Egypt and Goshen miscarried when they heard the noise of the shaking, for they were terribly afraid.
48 And Pharaoh sent word, saying, What is this thing that has this day happened in the land of Egypt? and they came and told him all the things from beginning to end, and Pharaoh was alarmed and he wondered and was greatly afraid.
49 And his fright increased when he heard all these things, and he sent unto Yoseph, saying, You hast brought unto me the Hebrews to destroy all Egypt; what wilt you do with that thievish slave? send him away and let him go with his brethren, and let us not perish through their evil, even we, you and all Egypt.
50 And if you desire not to do this thing, cast off from you all my valuable things, and go with them to their land, if you delight in it, for they will this day destroy my whole country and slay all my people; even all the women of Egypt have miscarried through their screams; see what they have done merely by their shouting and speaking, moreover if they fight with the sword, they will destroy the land; now therefore choose that which you desirest, whether me or the Hebrews, whether Egypt or the land of the Hebrews.
51 And they came and told Yoseph all the words of Pharaoh that he had said concerning him, and Yoseph was greatly afraid at the words of Pharaoh and Yahudah and his brethren were still standing before Yoseph indignant and enraged, and all the sons of Yacob roared at Yoseph, like the roaring of the sea and its waves.
52 And Yoseph was greatly afraid of his brethren and on account of Pharaoh, and Yoseph sought a pretext to make himself known unto his brethren, lest they should destroy all Egypt.
53 And Yoseph commanded his son Manasseh, and Manasseh went and approached Yahudah, and placed his hand upon his shoulder, and the anger of Yahudah was stilled.
54 And Yahudah said unto his brethren, Let no one of you say that this is the act of an Egyptian youth for this is the work of my father's house.
55 And Yoseph seeing and knowing that Yahudah's anger was stilled, he approached to speak unto Yahudah in the language of mildness.
56 And Yoseph said unto Yahudah, Surely you speak truth and have this day verified your assertions concerning your strength, and may your ALMIGHTY who delights in you, increase your welfare; but tell me truly why from amongst all your brethren dost you wrangle with me on account of the lad, as none of them have spoken one word to me concerning him.
57 And Yahudah answered Yoseph, saying, Surely you must know that I was security for the lad to his father, saying, If I brought him not unto him I should bear his blame forever.
58 Therefore have I approached you from amongst all my brethren, for I saw that you wast unwilling to suffer him to go from you; now therefore may I find free unmerited pardon and favor in your sight that you shall send him to go with us, and behold I will remain as a substitute for him, to serve you in whatever you desirest, for wheresoever you shall send me I will go to serve you with great energy.
59 Send me now to a mighty king who has rebelled against you, and you shall know what I will do unto him and unto his land; although he may have cavalry and infantry or an exceeding mighty people, I will slay them all and bring the king's head before you.
60 Dost you not know or hast you not heard that our father Abraham with his servant Eliezer smote all the kings of Elam with their hosts in one night, they left not one remaining? and ever since that day our father's strength was given unto us for an inheritance, for us and our seed forever.
61 And Yoseph answered and said, You speak truth, and falsehood is not in your mouth, for it was also told unto us that the Hebrews have power and that YAHWEH their ALMIGHTY delights much in them, and who then can stand before them?
62 However, on this condition will I send your brother, if you will bring before me his brother the son of his mother, of whom you said that he had gone from you down to Egypt; and it shall come to pass when you bring unto me his brother I will take him in his stead, because not one of you was security for him to your father, and when he shall come unto me, I will then send with you his brother for whom you have been security.
63 And Yahudah's anger was kindled against Yoseph when he spoke this thing, and his eyes dropped blood with anger, and he said unto his brethren, How doth this man this day seek his own destruction and that of all Egypt!
64 And Simeon answered Yoseph, saying, Did we not tell you at first that we knew not the particular spot to which he went, and whether he be dead or alive, and wherefore speaks my lord like unto these things?
65 And Yoseph observing the countenance of Yahudah discerned that his anger began to kindle when he spoke unto him, saying, Bring unto me your other brother instead of this brother.
66 And Yoseph said unto his brethren, Surely you said that your brother was either dead or lost, now if I should call him this day and he should come before you, would you give him unto me instead of his brother?
67 And Yoseph began to speak and call out, Yoseph, Yoseph, come this day before me, and appear to your brethren and sit before them.
68 And when Yoseph spoke this thing before them, they looked each a different way to see from whence Yoseph would come before them.
69 And Yoseph observed all their acts, and said unto them, Why do you look here and there? I am Yoseph whom you sold to Egypt, now therefore let it not grieve you that you sold me, for as a support during the famine did YAHWEH send me before you.
70 And his brethren were terrified at him when they heard the words of Yoseph, and Yahudah was exceedingly terrified at him.
71 And when Benjamin heard the words of Yoseph he was before them in the inner part of the house, and Benjamin ran unto Yoseph his brother, and embraced him and fell upon his neck, and they wept.
72 And when Yoseph's brethren saw that Benjamin had fallen upon his brother's neck and wept with him, they also fell upon Yoseph and embraced him, and they wept a great weeping with Yoseph.
73 And the voice was heard in the house of Yoseph that they were Yoseph's brethren, and it pleased Pharaoh exceedingly, for he was afraid of them lest they should destroy Egypt.
74 And Pharaoh sent his servants unto Yoseph to congratulate him concerning his brethren who had come to him, and all the captains of the armies and troops that were in Egypt came to rejoice with Yoseph, and all Egypt rejoiced greatly about Yoseph's brethren.
75 And Pharaoh sent his servants to Yoseph, saying, Tell your brethren to fetch all belonging to them and let them come unto me, and I will place them in the best part of the land of Egypt, and they did so.
76 And Yoseph commanded him that was set over his house to bring out to his brethren gifts and garments, and he brought out to them many garments being robes of royalty and many gifts, and Yoseph divided them amongst his brethren.
77 And he gave unto each of his brethren a change of garments of gold and silver, and three hundred pieces of silver, and Yoseph commanded them all to be dressed in these garments, and to be brought before Pharaoh.
78 And Pharaoh seeing that all Yoseph's brethren were valiant men, and of beautiful appearance, he greatly rejoiced.
79 And they afterward went out from the presence of Pharaoh to go to the land of Canaan, to their father, and their brother Benjamin was with them.
80 And Yoseph rose up and gave unto them eleven chariots from Pharaoh, and Yoseph gave unto them his chariot, upon which he rode on the day of his being crowned in Egypt, to fetch his father to Egypt; and Yoseph sent to all his brothers' children, garments according to their numbers, and a hundred pieces of silver to each of them, and he also sent garments to the wives of his brethren from the garments of the king's wives, and he sent them.
81 And he gave unto each of his brethren ten men to go with them to the land of Canaan to serve them, to serve their children and all belonging to them in coming to Egypt.
82 And Yoseph sent by the hand of his brother Benjamin ten suits of garments for his ten sons, a portion above the rest of the children of the sons of Yacob.
83 And he sent to each fifty pieces of silver, and ten chariots on the account of Pharaoh, and he sent to his father ten asses laden with all the luxuries of Egypt, and ten she asses laden with corn and bread and nourishment for his father, and to all that were with him as provisions for the road.
84 And he sent to his sister Dinah garments of silver and gold, and frankincense and myrrh, and aloes and women's ornaments in great plenty, and he sent the same from the wives of Pharaoh to the wives of Benjamin.
85 And he gave unto all his brethren, also to their wives, all sorts of onyx stones and bdellium, and from all the valuable things amongst the great people of Egypt, nothing of all the costly things was left but what Yoseph sent of to his father's household.
86 And he sent his brethren away, and they went, and he sent his brother Benjamin with them.
87 And Yoseph went out with them to accompany them on the road unto the borders of Egypt, and he commanded them concerning his father and his household, to come to Egypt.
88 And he said unto them, Do not quarrel on the road, for this thing was from YAHWEH to keep a great people from starvation, for there will be yet five years of famine in the land.
89 And he commanded them, saying, When you come unto the land of Canaan, do not come suddenly before my father in this affair, but act in your wisdom.
90 And Yoseph ceased to command them, and he turned and went back to Egypt, and the sons of Yacob went to the land of Canaan with joy and cheerfulness to their father Yacob.
91 And they came unto the borders of the land, and they said to each other, What shall we do in this matter before our father, for if we come suddenly to him and tell him the matter, he will be greatly alarmed at our words and will not believe us.
92 And they went along until they came nigh unto their houses, and they found Serach, the daughter of Asher, going forth to meet them, and the damsel was very good and subtle, and knew how to play upon the harp.
93 And they called unto her and she came before them, and she kissed them, and they took her and gave unto her a harp, saying, Go now before our father, and sit before him, and strike upon the harp, and speak these words.
94 And they commanded her to go to their house, and she took the harp and hastened before them, and she came and sat near Yacob.
95 And she played well and sang, and uttered in the sweetness of her words, Yoseph my uncle is living, and he rules throughout the land of Egypt, and is not dead.
96 And she continued to repeat and utter these words, and Yacob heard her words and they were agreeable to him.
97 He listened while she repeated them twice and thrice, and joy entered the heart of Yacob at the sweetness of her words, and the spirit of YAHWEH was upon him, and he knew all her words to be true.
98 And Yacob blessed Serach when she spoke these words before him, and he said unto her, My daughter, may death never prevail over you, for you hast revived my spirit; only speak yet before me as you hast spoken, for you hast gladdened me with all your words.
99 And she continued to sing these words, and Yacob listened and it pleased him, and he rejoiced, and the spirit of YAHWEH was upon him.
100 Whilst he was yet speaking with her, behold his sons came to him with horses and chariots and royal garments and servants running before them.
101 And Yacob rose up to meet them, and saw his sons dressed in royal garments and he saw all the treasures that Yoseph had sent to them.
102 And they said unto him, Be informed that our brother Yoseph is living, and it is he who rules throughout the land of Egypt, and it is he who spoke unto us as we told you.
103 And Yacob heard all the words of his sons, and his heart palpitated at their words, for he could not believe them until he saw all that Yoseph had given them and what he had sent him, and all the signs which Yoseph had spoken unto them.
104 And they opened out before him, and showed him all that Yoseph had sent, they gave unto each what Yoseph had sent him, and he knew that they had spoken the truth, and he rejoiced exceedingly an account of his son.
105 And Yacob said, It is enough for me that my son Yoseph is still living, I will go and see him before I die.
106 And his sons told him all that had befallen them, and Yacob said, I will go down to Egypt to see my son and his offspring.
107 And Yacob rose up and put on the garments which Yoseph had sent him, and after he had washed, and shaved his hair, he put upon his head the turban which Yoseph had sent him.
108 And all the people of Yacob's house and their wives put on the garments which Yoseph had sent to them, and they greatly rejoiced at Yoseph that he was still living and that he was ruling in Egypt,
109 And all the inhabitants of Canaan heard of this thing, and they came and rejoiced much with Yacob that he was still living.
110 And Yacob made a feast for them for three days, and all the kings of Canaan and nobles of the land ate and drank and rejoiced in the house of Yacob.

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Jasher, Chapter 45

1 And it was at that time in that year, which is the year of Yoseph's going down to Egypt after his brothers had sold him, that Reuben the son of Yacob went to Timnah and took unto him for a wife Eliuram, the daughter of Avi the Canaanite, and he came to her.
2 And Eliuram the wife of Reuben conceived and bare him Hanoch, Palu, Chetzron and Carmi, four sons; and Simeon his brother took his sister Dinah for a wife, and she bare unto him Memuel, Yamin, Ohad, Jachin and Zochar, five sons.
3 And he afterward came to Bunah the Canaanitish woman, the same is Bunah whom Simeon took captive from the city of Shechem, and Bunah was before Dinah and attended upon her, and Simeon came to her, and she bare unto him Saul.
4 And Yahudah went at that time to Adulam, and he came to a man of Adulam, and his name was Hirah, and Yahudah saw there the daughter of a man from Canaan, and her name was Aliyath, the daughter of Shua, and he took her, and came to her, and Aliyath bare unto Yahudah, Er, Onan and Shiloh; three sons.
5 And Levi and Issachar went to the land of the east, and they took unto themselves for wives the daughters of Jobab the son of Yoktan, the son of Eber; and Jobab the son of Yoktan had two daughters; the name of the elder was Adinah, and the name of the younger was Aridah.
6 And Levi took Adinah, and Issachar took Aridah, and they came to the land of Canaan, to their father's house, and Adinah bare unto Levi, Gershon, Kehath and Merari; three sons.
7 And Aridah bare unto Issachar Tola, Puvah, Job and Shomron, four sons; and Dan went to the land of Moab and took for a wife Aphlaleth, the daughter of Chamudan the Moabite, and he brought her to the land of Canaan.
8 And Aphlaleth was barren, she had no offspring, and YAHWEH afterward remembered Aphlaleth the wife of Dan, and she conceived and bare a son, and she called his name Chushim.
9 And Gad and Naphtali went to Haran and took from thence the daughters of Amuram the son of Uz, the son of Nahor, for wives.
10 And these are the names of the daughters of Amuram; the name of the elder was Merimah, and the name of the younger Uzith; and Naphtali took Merimah, and Gad took Uzith; and brought them to the land of Canaan, to their father's house.
11 And Merimah bare unto Naphtali Yachzeel, Guni, Jazer and Shalem, four sons; and Uzith bare unto Gad Zephion, Chagi, Shuni, Ezbon, Eri, Arodi and Arali, seven sons.
12 And Asher went forth and took Adon the daughter of Aphlal, the son of Hadad, the son of Ishmael, for a wife, and he brought her to the land of Canaan.
13 And Adon the wife of Asher died in those days: she had no offspring; and it was after the death of Adon that Asher went to the other side of the river and took for a wife Hadurah the daughter of Abimael, the son of Eber, the son of Shem.
14 And the young woman was of a comely appearance, and a woman of sense, and she had been the wife of Malkiel the son of Elam, the son of Shem.
15 And Hadurah bare a daughter unto Malkiel, and he called her name Serach, and Malkiel died after this, and Hadurah went and remained in her father's house.
16 And after the death of the wife at Asher he went and took Hadurah for a wife, and brought her to the land of Canaan, and Serach her daughter he also brought with them, and she was three years old, and the damsel was brought up in Yacob's house.
17 And the damsel was of a comely appearance, and she went in the sanctified ways of the children of Yacob; she lacked nothing, and YAHWEH gave her wisdom and understanding.
18 And Hadurah the wife of Asher conceived and bare unto him Yimnah, Yishvah, Yishvi and Beriah; four sons.
19 And Zebulun went to Midian, and took for a wife Merishah the daughter of Molad, the son of Abida, the son of Midian, and brought her to the land of Canaan.
20 And Merushah bare unto Zebulun Sered, Elon and Yachleel; three sons.
21 And Yacob sent to Aram, the son of Zoba, the son of Terah, and he took for his son Benjamin Mechalia the daughter of Aram, and she came to the land of Canaan to the house of Yacob; and Benjamin was ten years old when he took Mechalia the daughter of Aram for a wife.
22 And Mechalia conceived and bare unto Benjamin Bela, Becher, Ashbel, Gera and Naaman, five sons; and Benjamin went afterward and took for a wife Aribath, the daughter of Shomron, the son of Abraham, in addition to his first wife, and he was eighteen years old; and Aribath bare unto Benjamin Achi, Vosh, Mupim, Chupim, and Ord; five sons.
23 And in those days Yahudah went to the house of Shem and took Tamar the daughter of Elam, the son of Shem, for a wife for his first born Er.
24 And Er came to his wife Tamar, and she became his wife, and when he came to her he outwardly destroyed his seed, and his work was evil in the sight of YAHWEH, and YAHWEH slew him.
25 And it was after the death of Er, Yahudah's first born, that Yahudah said unto Onan, go to your brother's wife and marry her as the next of kin, and raise up seed to your brother.
26 And Onan took Tamar for a wife and he came to her, and Onan also did like unto the work of his brother, and his work was evil in the sight of YAHWEH, and he slew him also.
27 And when Onan died, Yahudah said unto Tamar, Remain in your father's house until my son Shiloh shall have grown up, and Yahudah did no more delight in Tamar, to give her unto Shiloh, for he said, Peradventure he will also die like his brothers.
28 And Tamar rose up and went and remained in her father's house, and Tamar was in her father's house for some time.
29 And at the revolution of the year, Aliyath the wife of Yahudah died; and Yahudah was comforted for his wife, and after the death of Aliyath, Yahudah went up with his friend Hirah to Timnah to shear their sheep.
30 And Tamar heard that Yahudah had gone up to Timnah to shear the sheep, and that Shiloh was grown up, and Yahudah did not delight in her.
31 And Tamar rose up and put off the garments of her widowhood, and she put a vail upon her, and she entirely covered herself, and she went and sat in the public thoroughfare, which is upon the road to Timnah.
32 And Yahudah passed and saw her and took her and he came to her, and she conceived by him, and at the time of being delivered, behold, there were twins in her womb, and he called the name of the first Perez, and the name of the second Zarah.

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Jasher, Chapter 43

1 And when the sons of Yacob had sold their brother Yoseph to the Midianites, their hearts were smitten on account of him, and they repented of their acts, and they sought for him to bring him back, but could not find him.
2 And Reuben returned to the pit in which Yoseph had been put, in order to lift him out, and restore him to his father, and Reuben stood by the pit, and he heard not a word, and he called out Yoseph! Yoseph! and no one answered or uttered a word.
3 And Reuben said, Yoseph has died through fright, or some serpent has caused his death; and Reuben descended into the pit, and he searched for Yoseph and could not find him in the pit, and he came out again.
4 And Reuben tore his garments and he said, The child is not there, and how shall I reconcile my father about him if he be dead? and he went to his brethren and found them grieving on account of Yoseph, and counseling together how to reconcile their father about him, and Reuben said unto his brethren, I came to the pit and behold Yoseph was not there, what then shall we say unto our father, for my father will only seek the lad from me.
5 And his brethren answered him saying, Thus and thus we did, and our hearts afterward smote us on account of this act, and we now sit to seek a pretext how we shall reconcile our father to it.
6 And Reuben said unto them, What is this you have done to bring down the grey hairs of our father in sorrow to the grave? the thing is not good, that you have done.
7 And Reuben sat with them, and they all rose up and swore to each other not to tell this thing unto Yacob, and they all said, The man who will tell this to our father or his household, or who will report this to any of the children of the land, we will all rise up against him and slay him with the sword.
8 And the sons of Yacob feared each other in this matter, from the youngest to the oldest, and no one spoke a word, and they concealed the thing in their hearts.
9 And they afterward sat down to determine and invent something to say unto their father Yacob concerning all these things.
10 And Issachar said unto them, Here is an advice for you if it seem good in your eyes to do this thing, take the coat which belongs to Yoseph and tear it, and kill a kid of the goats and dip it in its blood.
11 And send it to our father and when he sees it he will say an evil beast has devoured him, therefore tear ye his coat and behold his blood will be upon his coat, and by your doing this we shall be free of our father's murmurings.
12 And Issachar's advice pleased them, and they hearkened unto him and they did according to the word of Issachar which he had counselled them.
13 And they hastened and took Yoseph's coat and tore it, and they killed a kid of the goats and dipped the coat in the blood of the kid, and then trampled it in the dust, and they sent the coat to their father Yacob by the hand of Naphtali, and they commanded him to say these words:
14 We had gathered in the cattle and had come as far as the road to Shechem and farther, when we found this coat upon the road in the wilderness dipped in blood and in dust; now therefore know whether it be your son's coat or not.
15 And Naphtali went and he came unto his father and he gave him the coat, and he spoke unto him all the words which his brethren had commanded him.
16 And Yacob saw Yoseph's coat and he knew it and he fell upon his face to the ground, and became as still as a stone, and he afterward rose up and cried out with a loud and weeping voice and he said, It is the coat of my son Yoseph!
17 And Yacob hastened and sent one of his servants to his sons, who went to them and found them coming along the road with the flock.
18 And the sons of Yacob came to their father about evening, and behold their garments were torn and dust was upon their heads, and they found their father crying out and weeping with a loud voice.
19 And Yacob said unto his sons, Tell me truly what evil have you this day suddenly brought upon me? and they answered their father Yacob, saying, We were coming along this day after the flock had been gathered in, and we came as far as the city of Shechem by the road in the wilderness, and we found this coat filled with blood upon the ground, and we knew it and we sent unto you if you couldst know it.
20 And Yacob heard the words of his sons and he cried out with a loud voice, and he said, It is the coat of my son, an evil beast has devoured him; Yoseph is rent in pieces, for I sent him this day to see whether it was well with you and well with the flocks and to bring me word again from you, and he went as I commanded him, and this has happened to him this day while I thought my son was with you.
21 And the sons of Yacob answered and said, He did not come to us, neither have we seen him from the time of our going out from you until now.
22 And when Yacob heard their words he again cried out aloud, and he rose up and tore his garments, and he put sackcloth upon his loins, and he wept bitterly and he mourned and lifted up his voice in weeping and exclaimed and said these words,
23 Yoseph my son, O my son Yoseph, I sent you this day after the welfare of your brethren, and behold you hast been torn in pieces; through my hand has this happened to my son.
24 It grieves me for you Yoseph my son, it grieves me for you; how sweet wast you to me during life, and now how exceedingly bitter is your death to me.
25 O that I had died in your stead Yoseph my son, for it grieves me sadly for you my son, O my son, my son. Yoseph my son, where are you, and where hast you been drawn? arouse, arouse from your place, and come and see my grief for you, O my son Yoseph.
26 Come now and number the tears gushing from my eyes down my cheeks, and bring them up before YAHWEH, that his anger may turn from me.
27 O Yoseph my son, how didst you fall, by the hand of one by whom no one had fallen from the beginning of the world unto this day; for you hast been put to death by the smiting of an enemy, inflicted with cruelty, but surely I know that this has happened to you, on account of the multitude of my sins.
28 Arouse now and see how bitter is my trouble for you my son, although I did not rear you, nor fashion you, nor give you breath and soul, but it was YAHWEH who formed you and built your bones and covered them with flesh, and breathed in your nostrils the breath of life, and then he gave you unto me.
29 Now truly YAHWEH who gave you unto me, he has taken you from me, and such then has befallen you
30 And Yacob continued to speak like unto these words concerning Yoseph, and he wept bitterly; he fell to the ground and became still.
31 And all the sons of Yacob seeing their father's trouble, they repented of what they had done, and they also wept bitterly.
32 And Yahudah rose up and lifted his father's head from the ground, and placed it upon his lap, and he wiped his father's tears from his cheeks, and Yahudah wept an exceeding great weeping, while his father's head was reclining upon his lap, still as a stone.
33 And the sons of Yacob saw their father's trouble, and they lifted up their voices and continued to weep, and Yacob was yet lying upon the ground still as a stone.
34 And all his sons and his servants and his servant's children rose up and stood round him to comfort him, and he refused to be comforted.
35 And the whole household of Yacob rose up and mourned a great mourning on account of Yoseph and their father's trouble, and the intelligence reached Yitschaq, the son of Abraham, the father of Yacob, and he wept bitterly on account of Yoseph, he and all his household, and he went from the place where he dwelt in Hebron, and his men with him, and he comforted Yacob his son, and he refused to be comforted.
36 And after this, Yacob rose up from the ground, and his tears were running down his cheeks, and he said unto his sons, Rise up and take your swords and your bows, and go forth into the field, and seek whether you can find my son's body and bring it unto me that I may bury it.
37 Seek also, I pray you, among the beasts and hunt them, and that which shall come the first before you seize and bring it unto me, perhaps YAHWEH will this day pity my affliction, and prepare before you that which did tear my son in pieces, and bring it unto me, and I will avenge the cause of my son.
38 And his sons did as their father had commanded them, and they rose up early in the morning, and each took his sword and his bow in his hand, and they went forth into the field to hunt the beasts.
39 And Yacob was still crying aloud and weeping and walking to and fro in the house, and smiting his hands together, saying, Yoseph my son, Yoseph my son.
40 And the sons of Yacob went into the wilderness to seize the beasts, and behold a wolf came toward them, and they seized him, and brought him unto their father, and they said unto him, This is the first we have found, and we have brought him unto you as you didst command us, and your son's body we could not find.
41 And Yacob took the beast from the hands of his sons, and he cried out with a loud and weeping voice, holding the beast in his hand, and he spoke with a bitter heart unto the beast, Why didst you devour my son Yoseph, and how didst you have no fear of YAHWEH of the earth, or of my trouble for my son Yoseph?
42 And you didst devour my son for naught, because he committed no violence, and didst thereby render me culpable on his account, therefore YAHWEH will require him that is persecuted.
43 And YAHWEH opened the mouth of the beast in order to comfort Yacob with its words, and it answered Yacob and spoke these words unto him,
44 As YAHWEH lives who created us in the earth, and as your soul liveth, my lord, I did not see your son, neither did I tear him to pieces, but from a distant land I also came to seek my son who went from me this day, and I know not whether he be living or dead.
45 And I came this day into the field to seek my son, and your sons found me, and seized me and increased my grief, and have this day brought me before you, and I have now spoken all my words to you.
46 And now therefore, O son of man, I am in your hands, and do unto me this day as it may seem good in your sight, but by the life of YAHWEH who created me, I did not see your son, nor did I tear him to pieces, neither has the flesh of man entered my mouth all the days of my life.
47 And when Yacob heard the words of the beast he was greatly astonished, and sent forth the beast from his hand, and she went her way.
48 And Yacob was still crying aloud and weeping for Yoseph day after day, and he mourned for his son many days.

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Jasher, Chapter 39

1 And when the sons of Yacob went from the city of Sarton, they had gone about two hundred cubits when they met the inhabitants of Tapnach coming toward them, for they went out to fight with them, because they had smitten the king of Tapnach and all his men.
2 So all that remained in the city of Tapnach came out to fight with the sons of Yacob, and they thought to retake from them the booty and the spoil which they had captured from Chazar and Sarton.
3 And the rest of the men of Tapnach fought with the sons of Yacob in that place, and the sons of Yacob smote them, and they fled before them, and they pursued them to the city of Arbelan, and they all fell before the sons of Yacob.
4 And the sons of Yacob returned and came to Tapnach, to take away the spoil of Tapnach, and when they came to Tapnach they heard that the people of Arbelan had gone out to meet them to save the spoil of their brethren, and the sons of Yacob left ten of their men in Tapnach to plunder the city, and they went out toward the people of Arbelan.
5 And the men of Arbelan went out with their wives to fight with the sons of Yacob, for their wives were experienced in battle, and they went out, about four hundred men and women.
6 And all the sons of Yacob shouted with a loud voice, and they all ran toward the inhabitants of Arbelan, and with a great and tremendous voice.
7 And the inhabitants of Arbelan heard the noise of the shouting of the sons of Yacob, and their roaring like the noise of lions and like the roaring of the sea and its waves.
8 And fear and terror possessed their hearts on account of the sons of Yacob, and they were terribly afraid of them, and they retreated and fled before them into the city, and the sons of Yacob pursued them to the gate of the city, and they came upon them in the city.
9 And the sons of Yacob fought with them in the city, and all their women were engaged in slinging against the sons of Yacob, and the combat was very severe amongst them the whole of that day till evening.
10 And the sons of Yacob could not prevail over them, and the sons of Yacob had almost perished in that battle, and the sons of Yacob cried unto YAHWEH and greatly gained strength toward evening, and the sons of Yacob smote all the inhabitants of Arbelan by the edge of the sword, men, women and little ones.
11 And also the remainder of the people who had fled from Sarton, the sons of Yacob smote them in Arbelan, and the sons of Yacob did unto Arbelan and Tapnach as they had done to Chazar and Sarton, and when the women saw that all the men were dead, they went upon the roofs of the city and smote the sons of Yacob by showering down stones like rain.
12 And the sons of Yacob hastened and came into the city and seized all the women and smote them with the edge of the sword, and the sons of Yacob captured all the spoil and booty, flocks and herds and cattle.
13 And the sons of Yacob did unto Machnaymah as they had done to Tapnach, to Chazar and to Shiloh, and they turned from there and went away.
14 And on the fifth day the sons of Yacob heard that the people of Gaash had gathered against them to battle, because they had slain their king and their captains, for there had been fourteen captains in the city of Gaash, and the sons of Yacob had slain them all in the first battle.
15 And the sons of Yacob that day girt on their weapons of war, and they marched to battle against the inhabitants of Gaash, and in Gaash there was a strong and mighty people of the people of the Amorites, and Gaash was the strongest and best fortified city of all the cities of the Amorites, and it had three walls.
16 And the sons of Yacob came to Gaash and they found the gates of the city locked, and about five hundred men standing at the top of the outer-most wall, and a people numerous as the sand upon the sea shore were in ambush for the sons of Yacob from without the city at the rear thereof.
17 And the sons of Yacob approached to open the gates of the city, and while they were drawing nigh, behold those who were in ambush at the rear of the city came forth from their places and surrounded the sons of Yacob.
18 And the sons of Yacob were enclosed between the people of Gaash, and the battle was both to their front and rear, and all the men that were upon the wall, were casting from the wall upon them, arrows and stones.
19 And Yahudah, seeing that the men of Gaash were getting too heavy for them, gave a most piercing and tremendous shriek and all the men of Gaash were terrified at the voice of Yahudah's cry, and men fell from the wall at his powerful shriek, and all those that were from without and within the city were greatly afraid of their lives.
20 And the sons of Yacob still came nigh to break the doors of the city, when the men of Gaash threw stones and arrows upon them from the top of the wall, and made them flee from the gate.
21 And the sons of Yacob returned against the men of Gaash who were with them from without the city, and they smote them terribly, as striking against gourds, and they could not stand against the sons of Yacob, for fright and terror had seized them at the shriek of Yahudah.
22 And the sons of Yacob slew all those men who were without the city, and the sons of Yacob still drew nigh to effect an entrance into the city, and to fight under the city walls, but they could not for all the inhabitants of Gaash who remained in the city had surrounded the walls of Gaash in every direction, so that the sons of Yacob were unable to approach the city to fight with them.
23 And the sons of Yacob came nigh to one corner to fight under the wall, the inhabitants of Gaash threw arrows and stones upon them like showers of rain, and they fled from under the wall.
24 And the people of Gaash who were upon the wall, seeing that the sons of Yacob could not prevail over them from under the wall, reproached the sons of Yacob in these words, saying,
25 What is the matter with you in the battle that you cannot prevail? can you then do unto the mighty city of Gaash and its inhabitants as you did to the cities of the Amorites that were not so powerful? Surely to those weak ones amongst us you did those things, and slew them in the entrance of the city, for they had no strength when they were terrified at the sound of your shouting.
26 And will you now then be able to fight in this place? Surely here you will all die, and we will avenge the cause of those cities that you have laid waste.
27 And the inhabitants of Gaash greatly reproached the sons of Yacob and reviled them with their gods, and continued to cast arrows and stones upon them from the wall.
28 And Yahudah and his brothers heard the words of the inhabitants of Gaash and their anger was greatly roused, and Yahudah was jealous of YAHWEH his ALMIGHTY in this matter, and he called out and said, O YAHWEH, help, send help to us and our brothers.
29 And he ran at a distance with all his might, with his drawn sword in his hand, and he sprang from the earth and by dint of his strength, mounted the wall, and his sword fell from his hand.
30 And Yahudah shouted upon the wall, and all the men that were upon the wall were terrified, and some of them fell from the wall into the city and died, and those who were yet upon the wall, when they saw Yahudah's strength, they were greatly afraid and fled for their lives into the city for safety.
31 And some were emboldened to fight with Yahudah upon the wall, and they came nigh to slay him when they saw there was no sword in Yahudah's hand, and they thought of casting him from the wall to his brothers, and twenty men of the city came up to assist them, and they surrounded Yahudah and they all shouted over him, and approached him with drawn swords, and they terrified Yahudah, and Yahudah cried out to his brothers from the wall.
32 And Yacob and his sons drew the bow from under the wall, and smote three of the men that were upon the top of the wall, and Yahudah continued to cry and he exclaimed, O YAHWEH help us, O YAHWEH deliver us, and he cried out with a loud voice upon the wall, and the cry was heard at a great distance.
33 And after this cry he again repeated to shout, and all the men who surrounded Yahudah on the top of the wall were terrified, and they each threw his sword from his hand at the sound of Yahudah's shouting and his tremor, and fled.
34 And Yahudah took the swords which had fallen from their hands, and Yahudah fought with them and slew twenty of their men upon the wall.
35 And about eighty men and women still ascended the wall from the city and they all surrounded Yahudah, and YAHWEH impressed the fear of Yahudah in their hearts, that they were unable to approach him.
36 And Yacob and all who were with him drew the bow from under the wall, and they slew ten men upon the wall, and they fell below the wall, before Yacob and his sons.
37 And the people upon the wall seeing that twenty of their men had fallen, they still ran toward Yahudah with drawn swords, but they could not approach him for they were greatly terrified at Yahudah's strength.
38 And one of their mighty men whose name was Arud approached to strike Yahudah upon the head with his sword, when Yahudah hastily put his shield to his head, and the sword hit the shield, and it was split in two.
39 And this mighty man after he had struck Yahudah ran for his life, at the fear of Yahudah, and his feet slipped upon the wall and he fell amongst the sons of Yacob who were below the wall, and the sons of Yacob smote him and slew him.
40 And Yahudah's head pained him from the blow of the powerful man, and Yahudah had nearly died from it.
41 And Yahudah cried out upon the wall owing to the pain produced by the blow, when Dan heard him, and his anger burned within him, and he also rose up and went at a distance and ran and sprang from the earth and mounted the wall with his wrath-excited strength.
42 And when Dan came upon the wall near unto Yahudah all the men upon the wall fled, who had stood against Yahudah, and they went up to the second wall, and they threw arrows and stones upon Dan and Yahudah from the second wall, and endeavored to drive them from the wall.
43 And the arrows and stones struck Dan and Yahudah, and they had nearly been killed upon the wall, and wherever Dan and Yahudah fled from the wall, they were attacked with arrows and stones from the second wall.
44 And Yacob and his sons were still at the entrance of the city below the first wall, and they were not able to draw their bow against the inhabitants of the city, as they could not be seen by them, being upon the second wall.
45 And Dan and Yahudah when they could no longer bear the stones and arrows that fell upon them from the second wall, they both sprang upon the second wall near the people of the city, and when the people of the city who were upon the second wall saw that Dan and Yahudah had come to them upon the second wall, they all cried out and descended below between the walls.
46 And Yacob and his sons heard the noise of the shouting from the people of the city, and they were still at the entrance of the city, and they were anxious about Dan and Yahudah who were not seen by them, they being upon the second wall.
47 And Naphtali went up with his wrath-excited might and sprang upon the first wall to see what caused the noise of shouting which they had heard in the city, and Issachar and Zebulun drew nigh to break the doors of the city, and they opened the gates of the city and came into the city.
48 And Naphtali leaped from the first wall to the second, and came to assist his brothers, and the inhabitants of Gaash who were upon the wall, seeing that Naphtali was the third who had come up to assist his brothers, they all fled and descended into the city, and Yacob and all his sons and all their young men came into the city to them.
49 And Yahudah and Dan and Naphtali descended from the wall into the city and pursued the inhabitants of the city, and Simeon and Levi were from without the city and knew not that the gate was opened, and they went up from there to the wall and came down to their brothers into the city.
50 And the inhabitants of the city had all descended into the city, and the sons of Yacob came to them in different directions, and the battle waged against them from the front and the rear, and the sons of Yacob smote them terribly, and slew about twenty thousand of them men and women, not one of them could stand up against the sons of Yacob.
51 And the blood flowed plentifully in the city, and it was like a brook of water, and the blood flowed like a brook to the outer part of the city, and reached the desert of Bethchorin.
52 And the people of Bethchorin saw at a distance the blood flowing from the city of Gaash, and about seventy men from amongst them ran to see the blood, and they came to the place where the blood was.
53 And they followed the track of the blood and came to the wall of the city of Gaash, and they saw the blood issue from the city, and they heard the voice of crying from the inhabitants of Gaash, for it ascended unto heaven, and the blood was continuing to flow abundantly like a brook of water.
54 And all the sons of Yacob were still smiting the inhabitants of Gaash, and were engaged in slaying them till evening, about twenty thousand men and women, and the people of Chorin said, Surely this is the work of the Hebrews, for they are still carrying on war in all the cities of the Amorites.
55 And those people hastened and ran to Bethchorin, and each took his weapons of war, and they cried out to all the inhabitants of Bethchorin, who also girt on their weapons of war to go and fight with the sons of Yacob.
56 And when the sons of Yacob had done smiting the inhabitants of Gaash, they walked about the city to strip all the slain, and coming in the innermost part of the city and farther on they met three very powerful men, and there was no sword in their hand.
57 And the sons of Yacob came up to the place where they were, and the powerful men ran away, and one of them had taken Zebulun, who he saw was a young lad and of short stature, and with his might dashed him to the ground.
58 And Yacob ran to him with his sword and Yacob smote him below his loins with the sword, and cut him in two, and the body fell upon Zebulun.
59 And the second one approached and seized Yacob to fell him to the ground, and Yacob turned to him and shouted to him, while Simeon and Levi ran and smote him on the hips with the sword and felled him to the ground.
60 And the powerful man rose up from the ground with wrath-excited might, and Yahudah came to him before he had gained his footing, and struck him upon the head with the sword, and his head was split and he died.
61 And the third powerful man, seeing that his companions were killed, ran from before the sons of Yacob, and the sons of Yacob pursued him in the city; and while the powerful man was fleeing he found one of the swords of the inhabitants of the city, and he picked it up and turned to the sons of Yacob and fought them with that sword.
62 And the powerful man ran to Yahudah to strike him upon the head with the sword, and there was no shield in the hand of Yahudah; and while he was aiming to strike him, Naphtali hastily took his shield and put it to Yahudah's head, and the sword of the powerful man hit the shield of Naphtali and Yahudah escaped the sword.
63 And Simeon and Levi ran upon the powerful man with their swords and struck at him forcibly with their swords, and the two swords entered the body of the powerful man and divided it in two, length-wise.
64 And the sons of Yacob smote the three mighty men at that time, together with all the inhabitants of Gaash, and the day was about to decline.
65 And the sons of Yacob walked about Gaash and took all the spoil of the city, even the little ones and women they did not suffer to live, and the sons of Yacob did unto Gaash as they had done to Sarton and Shiloh.

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